ReOPEN Learn

Accreditation is the process in which certification of competency, authority, or credibility is presented. Organizations that issue credentials or certify third parties against official standards are themselves formally accredited by accreditation bodies (such as UKAS); hence they are sometimes known as "accredited certification bodies".[1] The accreditation process ensures that their certification practices are acceptable, typically meaning that they are competent to test and certify third parties, behave ethically and employ suitable quality assurance.

Metadata are Information contained within a badge that defines it:
Includes name, description, and links to other important details like the badge’s criteria, evidence and issuer information.
The metadata for an awarded badge is defined in a badge assertion.

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Badge Design Canvas is a useful instrument for designing open badges. It has been developed by DigitalMe in UK and can be downloaded here

Badge Earner is a person who has met the necessary requirements to earn a badge.

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Endorsers are organizations with the expertise to analyse the quality of specific badges, including how the badge is defined, the competencies it represents, its standards alignments, the process of assessing the badge earner, and the qualifications of badge issuer to structure and evaluate the learning achievement represented by the badge.

Digital Badges in Education: Trends, Issues, and Cases edited by Lin Y. Muilenburg, Zane L. Berge

A badge Issuer creates, offers, and awards badges. 

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The consumer is someone viewing a badge awarded to an earner. 

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Computer assisted assessment, term from the early ages of e-learning, now called e-assessment

Continuing professional development (CPD) is the intentional maintenance and development of the knowledge and skills needed to perform in a professional context. This could mean honing current skills, it could mean developing them to a new level, or it could mean learning new ones that will allow an employee’s job role to expand or prepare them for potential promotion.
CPD obligations are present in most professions. Most companies and organisations now prioritise them because they ensure a constantly developing workforce.

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New forms of open education such as Massive Open OnlineCourses are challenging higher education with respect to recognition of credits and recognition of prior learning and experience; a university may recognise learning outcomes achieved outside the curriculum context, e.g. certifying that the learning outcomes achieved and assessed outside the institution satisfy its requirements, thus awarding a learned credits for non-formal and informal learning.